Roman Villa Eva

Vintimilio plagia, Album Intermilium, Albintimilium

Roman villa at Foce, near Sanremo

Matutia

Roman villa di Bussana, near San Remo

Costa Balenae, at the outlet of R Tavia

Portus Mauritii, Portu Maurici

Lucus Bormanni

Albingauno, Albenganum

Pullopice

Varicottis

Vada Sabatia, Vadis Savadis

Insula Liguriae, with ancient lighthouse on Bergeggi island

Savo, Vicus Virginis?

Roman villa di Alba Docilia

San Donato

Ad Navalia

Hasta

Sestri Ponente

Piazza Caricamento, Roman port of Genoa

Piazza Brignole, archaic landing place of Genoa, Etruscan Cainua?

Ricina

Delphinis

Portu Delphini, Port du Dauphin

Ad Solaria

Tegulata

Segesta, Tigulliorum

Ad Monilia

Antion

Portus Veneris

Villa Romana del Varignano Vecchio

San Vito di Marola (ancient site destroyed by Italian Navy in 19th c.)

Erix, Portus Ericis, Erycis, Portus Illycis, Pullion

Roman villa di Bocca di Magra, Ameglia

Lune, Séléné, Etruscan Luna

Taberna Frigida

Fossae Papirianae

S. Rocchino, near Massarosa

Roman villa at Massaciuccoli

Isola del Migliarino

Ponte alle Conche

port of Pise, Pisa, Etruscan Pisna, Peithusa, Pithsa

Ancient R Auser
acc. to F. Fabiani, 2022, "Pisa Progetto Suburbio: paesaggi fluviali di età romana La campagna di scavo 2021 all’Area Scheibler", The Journal of Fasti Online, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362091560

Roman villa at San Piero a Grado

Isola di Coltano

Triturrita? Turrita? near Portus Pisanus, Liburnus Portus, Portus Herculis Liburni, Portus Labro, Etruscan Liburna

Fiume Cigna

Castiglioncello

Vadis, Vada Volaterrana

Caecina, Etruscan Ceicna, Caicni

Isle of Capraia

San Vincenzo

Roman villa at Villa del Barone, Poggio del Molino

Populonio, Poplonium, Etruscan Fufluna, Pupluna

Roman villa Le Logge

Falesia, Porto Falese

Vignale

Etruscan Fullona

Roman villa at Puntone Vecchio

Portus Scabris

R Alma

Ilva, Aithalia, Ethalie

Argôus Portus, Argoos,

Edilnautica marina

Roman villa Le Grotte, on the isle of Elba

Roman villa at Capo Castello, on the isle of Elba

Portus Longus

Planasia insula

Bagni di Agrippa, on the isle of Pianosa

Stronzolo di Orlando, near Cala del Bruciato, on the isle of Pianosa

Traianos Limen, Cape Troia

Roman villa at Paduline, Castiglione della Pescaia, on R Bruna

Vetulonium, Etruscan Vatluna? on Lacus Prilius, Lacu Aprile, Salebro?

Port of Rusellae at Spolverino

Roman villa Le Terme, Santa Francesca di Talamone

Portus Telamonis, Telamon

Roman villa at Albinia, on R Albegna

Punta degli Stretti

Domitiana positio, Portus Domitianus

Incitaria?

Aegilium, Igilium insula

Iglium, with Roman mole under the modern breakwater

Bagno del Saraceno, villa with fish pond on the isle of Giglio

Oglasa insula

Portu Herculis, Port of Hercules

Orbetello

Roman villa at La Madonnella

Roman villa of Portus Fenilie

Artemisia, Dianium insula

Villa Domitia, on Artemisia, Dianium insula

Cosa, Cossae, Portus Herculis Cosanus

Lago di Burano

R Arnine, Armenta, port of Vulci, Etruscan Velch, Velx

Regis, Regae

Quintiana

Martanum, Maltano

Graviscae, port of Tarquinia, Etruscan Tarchuna, Tarchna

Rapinium

Roman villa at Torre San Agostino

Algae

La Mattonara

Roman villa at Punta San Paolo

Centumcellae, Palace of the Hundred Chambres. It is the translator of Plini the Younger who calls it like this, but the « hundred chambres » could also mean the numerous caves in this area, rather than a palace

Roman villa at Punta del Pecoraro

Punta della Vipera, fish pond

Castrum Novum (port of Caere, Coeré, Agylla)

Panapione

Punicum

Villa Romana delle Grottacce, Santa Marinella East

Roman villa I Grottini

Pyrgoi, Pyrgi (also called The Towers), port of Agylle, Caere, Etruscan Chaire, Caisra

Macchiatonda

Roman villa at Fosso Zembra, Campo di Mare

Roman villa at Torre Flavia

Roman villa at Piazza degli Nereide, Ladispoli

Alsium, port of Agylla, Caere, Coeré, Etruscan Chaire, Caisra

Roman villa at Marina di San Nicola

Roman villa at Torre di Palidoro

Fregenae, Etruscan Ficrine

Portus Augusti, Portus Claudius, Port Claude and its ancient lighthouse of Tyrrhène

Molo Destro
Monte Giulio. Note that Testaguzza (1970) named the moles "left" and "right" because he believed the main entrance of Portus Claudius was at the north side (near Goiran's CL7). However, this alignment may not be a true "molo" (breakwater or quay) but more probably a simple beach with a possible (local?) beach revetment forming a ramp.
Arnoldus (2015) conducted many corings, but only one (S17) showed some kind of structure, possibly a quay wall which might be Molo Destro:
"S17 dove è stata intercettata una struttura muraria degradata composta da tufo nerastro, poco calcare morbido e malta, compresa tra quote ca. 1.10 e 3.0 m sotto l'attuale livello del mare", i.e.:
"S17 where a degraded wall structure composed of blackish tufa, soft limestone and mortar was intercepted between elevations ca. 1.10 and 3.0 m below present sea level"
Arnoldus (2015) reports about Goiran's 2007 corings, including PS09 that includes some posidonia and shells, which might be very close to the ancient shoreline.
See also: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/848395608

Possible northern access
Goiran 2008: this opening seems to have existed in the 1st and 2nd c. AD and had a water depth of 5 m.

North BW - Molo Sinistro
Morelli 2011: Presumed layout. "Resti strutture" between approx 5 m and 15 m below present MSL. Note that Testaguzza (1970) named these moles "left" and "right" because he believed the main entrance of Portus Claudius was at the north side (near Goiran's CL7).
Chapkanski (CL30 in 2017) moved the end of the breakwater ca. 50 m westward.

Island
Morelli 2011: Presumed layout. Possibly much longer (e.g. Civitavecchia)

South BW
Morelli 2011: Presumed layout. "Resti strutture" between approx 5 m and 15 m below present MSL

Molo della Lanterna, Canale di imbocco
Melendez, 2021, "El denominado Molo della Lanterna (muelle de la linterna) en Portus", Fréjus, 2018.

South pier, Canale di imbocco

Portico & Molo di Claudio
Bukowiecki, 2021 "Infrastructures portuaires à Portus - Les entrepôts dits de Trajan et le môle nord-sud", Fréjus, 2018.
This is the initial structure built by Claudius. It includes the Portico di Claudio (ca. 300 m) and a Molo di Claudio (ca. 200 m) sheltering the entrance of the Darsena.

Molo Nord-Sud
Bukowiecki, 2021 "Infrastructures portuaires à Portus - Les entrepôts dits de Trajan et le môle nord-sud", Fréjus, 2018.
This is a ca. 110 m extension of the Molo di Claudio, built in Severian time and Late Antiquity.

Presumed Claudian shoreline
Arnoldus-Huyzendveld (2015): the shoreline is the Roman MSL, around 0.80 m below present MSL. It results from an ancient Tiber outlet that moved southwards towards Ostia around 700 BC.
Keay, et al. (2020)
NB: the so-called "Iseum" located just south of the via della Scafa viaduct over the Fossa Traiana, was most probably built later than the Portus Claudius south breakwater. Hence, sedimentation on the south side of this breakwater was already progessing and the temple could be built on the new beach.

Via Flavia on Isola Sacra
Keay, et al. (2020)

Northern Canal
Keay, S. et al. (2005)

Canale Romano
Keay, S. et al. (2005): Interpretation of the magnetometry survey results (Portus 1:5000 scale)
Salomon, F., et al. (2014), "A harbour–canal at Portus: a geoarchaeological approach to the Canale Romano: Tiber delta, Italy", Water Hist (2014) 6:31–49.

Canale Trasverso
Between Darsena and Fossa Traiana

Darsena
20 x 48 m acc. to Testaguzza, 1970

Portus to Ostia Canal

Fiume Morto
Salomn, F., et al. (2020) "Reconstruction of the Tiber Deltaic stratigraphic successions near Ostia using the PADM chart and tracking of the bedload-derived facies (Rome, Italy), Geomorphology 365 (2020) 107227.

Arnoldus-Huyzendveld 2015:
Reports that PS09 (carried out on 6/3/2007 by J-P Goiran) includes some posidonia and shells dated 4th to 6th c. This must be very close to the ancient shoreline.

Carried out on 19/9/2022

Arnoldus-Huyzendveld 2015:
Arnoldus (2015) conducted many corings, but only one (S17) showed some kind of structure, possibly a quay wall which might be Molo Destro:
"S17 dove è stata intercettata una struttura muraria degradata composta da tufo nerastro, poco calcare morbido e malta, compresa tra quote ca. 1.10 e 3.0 m sotto l'attuale livello del mare", i.e.:
"S17 where a degraded wall structure composed of blackish tufa, soft limestone and mortar was intercepted between elevations ca. 1.10 and 3.0 m below present sea level"
Are these remains of an ancien quay or of Molo Destro? Dated 1st c. AD

Goiran 2011 : possibly showing 5 m deep northern acces channel dated 1st-2nd c. AD

Oleson 2014: low quality marine concrete (most of it lost during coring process). Hole depth: 1.38 m. Core end at MSL-0.03 m.

Monte Arena
Oleson 2014: good quality marine concrete. Hole depth: 3.14 m. Core end on fine sea sand at MSL-0.85 m.

Oleson 2014: poor quality marine concrete placed directly on beach sand. Hole depth: 1.56 m. Core end on coarse sea sand at MSL.

Goiran 2011 : showing an 8 m deep initial harbour basin

Goiran 2011 : marine concrete between MSL-3 m and MSL-7 m. Hole depth: 9 m.

Excavation performed by Arnoldus in 2007 with a large hydraulic excavator, and showing ca. 0.60 m rubble at a depth of ca. 2 m below Roman swl.

One of the corings VC01-VC34 carried out in 2016 by Antonia Arnoldus-Huyzendveld (+), but unpublished yet.

Morelli 2011: probable PL04 showing rock without marine concrete between MSL-4.70 m and MSL -15.50 m. The distance between PL04 and PL24 is approx 40 m.

Morelli 2011: probable PL05 showing rock without marine concrete between MSL-5.00 m and MSL 13.70 m. The distance between PL04 and PL24 is approx 40 m.

Morelli 2011: probable PL24 showing rock without marine concrete between MSL-4.30 m and MSL -15.50 m. The distance between PL04 and PL24 is approx 40 m.

Corings C19-CL32 carried out in 2017.
Goiran, J-P., et al., 2022, "Enquête sur le môle nord de Portus, port maritime de Rome", in "D'un port à l'autre, Voyage en Méditerranée romaine entre Arles et Rome", Catalogue de l’exposition présentée au Musée départemental Arles antique (Arles, France) et au Museo delle Navi (Fiumicino, Italie), edt. M-B. Carre, (p 55-59).

Torre Niccolina
Defensive tower built by Pope Niccolo V in 1450 on the left bank of the Fiumicino Canal.
Pope Pius V built another one on the right bank in 1567. That is the one shown on Danti's map (1581-85) at the Vatican's Galleria delle carte geografiche. It must have been very close, perhaps on top, of the ancient southern breakwater.

Portus Trajanus

ancient lighthouse of Tyrrhène of Portus Claudius

Ostia, with possible lighthouse at Tor Boacciana

Ostia

Ostia, molo repubblicano

Stella-Buoi, Stalla Buoi, at the outlet of the Canale Romano on R Tiber, immediately East of Portus Trajanus

Quartaccio, at Ponte Galeria

Ficana

Pool with ramp
Dimensions: 50 x 13.5 m, probably dating from 4th c. BC.

Portus Vicus Alexandri

Santa Passera, on right bank of R Tiber

on left bank of R Tiber, at Marconi bridge

Pietra Papa, on right bank of R Tiber

Ponte Testaccio, ex Mattatoio, on right bank of R Tiber

Pons Probi, Pons Novus, Pons Marmoreus Theodosii

Horrea Galbae, NW of Emporium and Porticus Aemilia

Transtiberim, Trastevere

Salinae

Portus Tiberinus, near Pons Aemilius, oldest archaic port of Rome

Ponte Cestio

Ponte Aelius, no far from the wine market Ad Ciconias nixas

Ripetta

Roman villa di Procoio at Pianabella

Roman villa di Plinio at Palombara

Vicus Augustanus

Roman villa Magna Grotte di Piastra

Praetorium de Laurentum at Tor Paterno

Roman villa del Discobolo, Pantan di Lauro

Troia?

Roman villa at Torvaianica

Roman villa at Centro Regina

Castrum Inui

Lacus Nemorensis (Caligula's Naumachies)

Lacus Albanus (Caligula's naumachies)

Lacus Fucinus (Claudius' Naumachies)

Roman villa at Tor Caldara

Antium, Nero's port, Etruscan Anth

Nettuno

Caenon at Nettuno?

Roman villa Le Grottacce

Roman villa La Chiesola

Roman villa La Saracca

Roman villa La Banca

Astura, Storas

Clostra Romana

Ad Turres Albas

Roman villa at Palazzo di Domiziano, near Sabaudia

Port of Circei, Circé, Eea, Aeaea, Aia insula?, possible stopover for Odysseus

Circei, Circaeum prom., Kirkaion, outlet of Nero's Fossa Augusta

Terracina, Tarracina, Anxur, Etruscan Tarchna, Tarkina

Fundi

Pontia insula

Sinonia insula

Italian Wave Buoy
Datawell Wavec buoy south of Ponza, on 115 m water depth

Roman villa Giulia at Punta Eolo, on Pandataria insula

Roman villa Polveriera at Porto Vecchioe, on Pandataria insula

Roman villa with fish tank

Aegina, on Pandataria insula

Speluncae

Villa Tiberii

Roman villa behind Bazzano beach

Roman villa San Agostino, Pian delle Salce

Roman villa San Vito, Monte a Mare, Albergo Ninfeo

Caiete, Caieta, Caeatas, Etruscan Caithi

Spiaggia di Fontania, with Roman villa La Catena, La Nave, and many others at Gaeta

Roman villa Arzano

Villa Accetta

Roman villa Arcela, Villa Irlanda

Roman villa Vindicio

Porto di Caposele

Roman villa Rubino, Villa di Cicerone

Formiae, Formies, Hormies

Formia, fish tank

Roman villa Mamurra

Pyrae? Roman villa at Scauri

Minturnae

Marica temple, sea-port of Minturnae

Villa Romana San Limato

Sinuessa, Sinuesa, Sinope

Roman villa at Treppete, near Mondragone

Aquae Sinuessanae & Pagus Sarclanus?

Volturnum

Liternum

Cumae, Cumes, Kyme

Roman villa of Publius Servilius Vatia Isauricus, at Torre Vageta Fusaro, near Fusaro lake

Aenaria

Porto d'Ischia

Pithekoussai, Pithecusae, Etruscan Inarime

Punta Chiarito, on the isle of Ischia

Procita, Prochyta

Punta d'Alaca & Punta di Mezzogiorno, on the isle of Vivara

Roman villa di Lucullo, near Grotta della Dragonara

Roman villa at Punta Terone

Misenos, Misenum, Misène

Lago Miseno, Mare Morto

Punta Terrone, pilae of the southern breakwater

Punta di Pennata, pilae of the northern breakwater

Punta Sarparella, concrete jetty within the harbour

Punta di Pennata, pilae within the harbour

Roman villa on isola Pennata

Thermae, Roman villa Cento Camerelle

Roman villa Marina Grande, Bacoli

Bauli

Roman villa Bagni Salvatore

Roman villa Castello di Baia

Roman villa, near via Lucullo, Bacoli

Baiae, Baïes, Portus Baianus, with connection to Lacus Baianus

Roman villa dei Pisoni

Ripa Baiana & via Herculanea
Roman coastline (approx) (Miniero 2007, Aucelli 2020, Pagano 2021)

Portus Iulius, Julius, port of Julien, with connection to Lacus Lucrinus

Navale di Agrippa, on Lacus Avernus

Ripa Puteolana
Roman coastline (approx)

Vicus Annianus, Invinias

Vicus Lartidianus

Puteoli, Dikaiarcheia, Dicearque

Puteoli, Dikaiarcheia, Dicearque, Rocca di Rione Terra, large number of submerged pilae

Nesis, Odysseus' port of the Cyclopes ?

Nisida, very large pila of over 1100 m3

Imperial Villa of Pausilypon

Pollion's villa at Porto Marechiaro

Villa Volpicelli

Megaris insula

Parthenope, Neapolis

Neapolis, onshore Roman quay

Neapolis, offshore Roman pier

Ancient coastline
Daniela Giampaola, 2021 "Il porto di Parthenope e Neapolis", Fréjus, 2018.

Roman villa dei Papiri

Herculaneum, Etruscan Herclena

Roman villa Sora, near Torre del Greco

Oplontis, Villa di Poppea, near Torre Annunziata

Oplontis, Roman villa di Lucius Tertius Crassus

Pompeia, Porta Marina, Etruscan Pumpai

Pompeia, Porta Stabia, Etruscan Pumpai

Stabiae

Aequana

Piano di Sorrento

Roman villa at Marina Piccola

Surrentum, Etruscan Irnthi

Roman villa at Capo di Sorrento, Bagni della Regina Giovanna

Roman villa at Marina di Puolo, at Punta della Calcarella

Roman villa at Capo di Massa

Roman villa at Punta Campanella

Capraria, Capreae

Capraria, Capreae insula

Roman villa Damecuta

Scoglio del Monacone, near the isle of Capri

Marina Piccola, on the isle of Capri

Roman villa on Scoglio Isca, Galluzzo

Siren islands, Seirenoussai, Anthemoessa, Anthémuse, no stopover for Odysseus

Roman villa at Positano

Amalfi Civitas

Roman villa at Minori

Punta Fuenti, near Vietri sul Mare

Salernum, Etruscan Irna

Arensola, near Eboli

Portus Alburnus

Poseïdonia, Posidonia, Paestum

Agropoli

San Marco di Castellabate

Isola Licosa

Velia, Elea, Portus Velinus, Hyele

Palinurus

Iles Oenotrides, Molpa

Pyxûs, Buxentum

Scidrus

Cesernia

Isle of Santo Janni, Santoianni

La Secca

Blanda

Petrosa

Laos, Laus

Cerillea, Cerilli

Belvedere Marittimo

Acquappesa

San Lucido

Klampeteia, Clampetia

Temesa, Tamèse, Tempsa

Roman villa at Piano delle Vigne, near Falerna

Terina

Ad Turres

Port Parthenius of the phoceans, on R Tanno?

Acconia

Ad Fluvium Angitulam

Annicia

Leucosia, Ithacesiae insula, near Vibo

port of Hipponium, Hipponion

Scoglio Galera, near Briatico

Punta di Zambrone

Trapeia, Port of Hercules, port of Hipponion and Medma?

Nicotera Marina

San Teodoro

Emporion

Medma, Mesma

Port at the outlet of R Metaurus, Métaure

Taurianum

Portus Orestis

Ad Mallias

Arciade

Scyllaeum, Scylla, in front of Charybdis in Sicily, both Planktes insulae,

Kainys

Ad Columnam

Rhegium

Leucopetra, Bruttium Prom.

Decastadium? on R Halex

Scyle

Hipporum

Zephyrion Acra, Zephyrium, Zeffiro

Roman villa Palazzi di Casignana

Altanum ?

Lokroi Epizephyrioi, Locri Epizefiri, Locres

Subsicivo?

Amphissa, Santo Onofrio

Kaulonia, Caulonia, Aulonia, Stilida

Cocinto?

Vivarium

Scylletium, Scolacium

Castra Hannibalis, Camp of Annibal

Tacina

Le Castella

Port of Aphrodite, Dioskourias, Cape Iapygie, Iapygium Prom., Sallentin

Cape Cimiti

Capo Scifo, near Naus promontario, Lacinium promontario, Hera temple

possible stopover of Odysseus on Calypso's isle of Ogygia acc to Scylax, on submerged island off capo Colonna coast

Kroton, Crotone and the port of Aesarus

Meto

Krimisa?

Temple of Apollo Alaeus, port of Aesarus

Paternum, at outlet of R Hylias

Cariati

Sybaris, on R Traeis

Portus Roscia, Ruscia, Rouskiane

archaic Sybaris, on R Sybaris and R Crathis, Thourioi, Thurii, Copia

Broglio di Trebisacce

Ad Vicesimum, Lagaria?

Menzinara, near Montegiordano

Cugno dei Vagni

Piano San Pietro

Ad Simnum, Semnum

Siris, on R Siris

Heraclea, Héraclée

Termitito, Bosco di Andriace, near Montalbano Jonico

Metapontum, Metaponte

Tarentum, Taras, Neptuna

Roman villa at Masseria Caronella, near Tarento

Choirades, Choerades, Khoirades insulae

Satyrion, Saturnum

Marina di Pulsano

Torre Ovo

Port Sasina

Port of Neretum

Kallipolis, Callipolis, Anxa

Port of Uzentum

Torre San Gregorio

Portus Sallentinus, near Iapygia Prom.