You can download this map as a kml file.
For (much) more information on each place, download the latest updated xls table.
Ancient port mentioned by ancient author(s)
Ancient port mentioned by modern author(s) only
Potential ancient harbour, from a nautical point of view
| NB | Ancient name | Modern name |
| 1 | Tyle, Thule | Iceland? Pliny and Strabo, who cite Pytheas (ca 325 BC?), place Thule at 6 navigation days from (Great) Britain, which may be 400-600 nautical miles. Iceland is at 450 miles North of Scotland. The mention of six months long days and nights means a position beyond the Arctic Circle, which corresponds better to Iceland than to the Shetland islands. |
| 1.1 | Alta, Bronze Age rock carvings showing many ships | |
| 1.2 | Haugvik, on the isle of Somna | |
| 1.3 | Aukra, on the isle of Gossa, with hundreds of Mesolithic coastal settlements in Central Norway | |
| 1.4 | Toftevagen, on Halsnoy island | |
| 2 | Tanum, BA rock carvings showing many ships | |
| 2.1 | Torsbo, near Kville, BA rock carvings showing many ships | |
| 2.2 | Järrestad, BA rock carvings showing many ships | |
| 2.3 | Norrköping, BA rock carvings showing many ships | |
| 2.4 | Björke | |
| 3 | export of amber to the Black Sea, on R Chesinos, Chesynus | Daugmale, on R Daugava, Dvina, Düna |
| 3.1 | Basileia, Basilia, Baltia, Ile Royale, between R Vistula and R Chronus | Sambia, Samland? near Kaliningrad, famous for amber exported via R Vistula and R Neman |
| 4 | Wolin, with Neolithic settlement, on R Dziwna | |
| 4.1 | Neolithic settlements at Lietzow, on Rügen island | |
| 4.2 | Stralsund, with logboat wrecks | |
| 4.3 | Varpelev, with logboat wreck, on R Tryggevaelde | |
| 4.4 | Nydam | |
| 4.5 | Hjortspring | |
| 4.6 | Skaghorn Syd, submerged BA settlement | |
| 4.7 | Submerged neolithic settlement at Tybrind Vig, on Fyn island | |
| 4.8 | Husby Klit, submerged BA settlement | |
| 5 | Abalus insula, Saxonum insulae? near Elektrides insulae? In front of R Visurgis? | Isle of Helgoland? near Frisian islands in front of R Weser? |
| 5.1 | R Visurgis | Roman statio at Bremen-Seehausen, on R Weser |
| 6 | Amisia, on R Amisia | Delfzijl? on R Eems |
| 6.1 | Pesse, world’s oldest shipwreck (logboat) | |
| 6.2 | Kadoelerveld, near Kraggenburg, inside a modern polder, with logboat wreck | |
| 6.3 | Mararmano, Manarmani, Meermanno, near archaic R Vlie | in The Netherlands between R Vidrus (R Oer-IJ, now Noordzeekanaal?) and R Amisius (R Eems), possibly at Den Burg, on the isle of Texel that was still connected to the mainland |
| 6.4 | Wieringermeer, near Den Oever, with logboat wreck | |
| 6.6 | Schagen, Muggenburg en Witte Paal | |
| 6.5 | Zeewijk, Neolithic settlement | |
| 7 | Uitgeest-Groot Dorregeest | |
| 8 | Flevum, on R Vidrus? | Velsen 1, west of Amsterdam, on R Oer-IJ, now Noordzeekanaal |
| 9 | Lugdunum Batavorum, Lugduno, Brittenburg, Calla, at the ancient outlet of R Rhenus | Roman fort still visible in the 17th c. at LLW, but now submerged offshore Katwijk, near the outlet of R Oude Rijn (R Old Rhine) which was the northern limit of the Roman empire and was navigable over a long distance, with many river ports |
| 10 | Praetorium Agrippinae, on R Rhenus | Valkenburg, Marktveld-Weerdkampen, with recently discovered large Roman fort, on R Oude Rijn |
| 11 | Matilo, at northern end of Fossa Corbulonis, Corbulo canal between R Rhenus and R Mosa | Leiden, Roomburg, on R Oude Rijn |
| 11.1 | On R Rhenus | Westervaartpark, near Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, on R Oude Rijn |
| 12 | Albaniana, on R Rhenus | Alphen a/d Rijn, on R Oude Rijn |
| 13 | Nigrum Pullum, on R Rhenus | Zwammerdam, on R Oude Rijn |
| 14 | Laurium, on R Rhenus | Woerden, Kruittorenweg & Havenstraat, on R Oude Rijn |
| 15 | Fletio, on R Rhenus | Utrecht, Hoge Woerd, on R Oude Rijn |
| 15.1 | Traiectum, on R Rhenus | Utrecht, Domplein, on R Kromme Rijn and R Vecht |
| 16 | Fectio, on R Rhenus, possible starting point of Fossa Drusiana (contra: de Boer, 2021) | Vechten, on R Kromme Rijn, with connection to the Utrechtse Vecht flowing north to Muiden |
| 17 | Levefanum, on R Rhenus | Wijk bij Duurstede, on R Rijn |
| 18 | Mannaricium, on R Rhenus | Maurik Eiland, on R Rijn |
| 18.1 | Amerongen-‘t Spijk, on R Rijn | |
| 19 | Carvo, Carvone, on R Rhenus | Kesteren, on R Rijn |
| 19.1 | Heteren-Steenoord, on R Rijn | |
| 20 | Castra Herculis, on R Rhenus | Arnhem, Meinerswijk, on R Rijn |
| 20.1 | Grindgat de Loowaard, on R Rijn | |
| 20.2 | Fossa Drusiana, possibly between R Rhenus and R Isala, or between R Rhenus and Flevo Lacus | Manmade canal, possibly between R Oude Rijn near Westervoort and R Oude IJssel near Doesburg, it is now part of R IJssel flowing north to Kampen. Another option might be the Utrechtse Vecht |
| 21 | Carvium ad Molem, on R Rhenus | Bijlandse Waard, Herwen, on R Rijn |
| 21.1 | Moles Drusi? | Drusus Dam, this dam was supposed to divert R Rhine water from the southern branch (today’s R Waal) to the northern branch (today’s R Neder Rijn), it might possibly be somewhere between the Oude Waal and the Oude Rijn near Tolkamer-Lobith and Spijk |
| 22 | Castra Vetera, Colonia Ulpia Trajana, on R Rhenus | Xanten, Archäologischen Park, on R Rhein |
| 23 | Ceuclum, on R Mosa | Roman bridge at Cuijk, on R Maas |
| 24 | Oppidium Batavorum, on R Vacalus | Nijmegen, Hunnerpark, on R Waal |
| 25 | Noviomagus, on R Vacalus | Nijmegen, Maasplein, on R Waal |
| 26 | Grinnes, Grinnibus, on R Vacalus | Rossum, on R Waal |
| 26.1 | Hardinxfeld-Giessendam, on R Beneden Merwede, one of the Rhine delta branches | |
| 28 | Forum Hadriani, on Fossa Corbulonis | Park Arentsburgh, at Voorburg, on R Vliet |
| 28.1 | on Fossa Corbulonis | Rijswijk De Bult, with settlement at Tubasingel |
| 28.2 | Roman fort at Ockenburgh | |
| 28.3 | Poeldijk | |
| 28.4 | Harnaschpolder & Woudsepolder | |
| 29 | Helinio? near southern end of Fossa Corbulonis, at outlet of R Helinium, possible home port of Classis Germanica fleet | Naaldwijk, Zuidweg & Hoogwerf, Roman fort & naval base, near ancient outlet of R Maas, Meuse |
| 30 | Flenio, Flenium | Vlaardingen? on R Lek |
| 31 | R Mosa | submerged offshore of Oostvoorne, Brielse Meer, at outlet of R Oude Maas, Meuse |
| 31.1 | Roman villa near Helhoek | |
| 32 | “Oude Wereld” probably submerged offshore of Goedereede, on the isle of Goeree, remains were seen last in 1618 at a place called “Windglap” located in the Zandgors dunes | |
| 32.1 | De Oude Oostdijk, Goedereede, on the isle of Goeree | |
| 33 | Ganuenta, on R Tabuda, R Scaldis | submerged at 1.5 km NW of Colijnsplaat, votive altars to Nehalennia goddess, on R Oosterschelde, Eastern Scheldt |
| 34 | Romanorum portus | “De Roompot” submerged at the mouth of the Eastern Scheldt |
| 34.1 | Oranjezon, near Oostkapelle | |
| 34.2 | Domburg, submerged votive altars to Nehalennia goddess | |
| 34.3 | Roman dike & fireplace at Serooskerke, on the isle of Walcheren | |
| 34.4 | R Tabuda, R Scaldis | Ellewoutsdijk, on R Westerschelde, Scheldt |
| 35 | Rodanum? | Roman fort at Aardenburg, with possible fortlets at Eede and Draaibrug |
| 36 | Roman fort at Maldegem-Vake | |
| 37 | Roman villa at Fort Lapin, Groot Handelsdok, Bruges, Brugge, on R Reie | |
| 38 | Wenduine | |
| 39 | Aldenburgensis | Roman fort at Oudenburg, on ancient R Kene, Keignaert |
| 39.1 | Stene, near Ostend | |
| 39.2 | Roman dike at Raversijde, near Ostend | |
| 39.3 | R Isera | Nieuwpoort, on R IJzer, Yzer |
| 40 | Pritani, Prettanoi, Prettanides, Brettannikai nesoi, Britannia, meant to include both Albion & Ierne | British Isles, including Great Britain & Ireland |
| 41 | Orcades insulae | Orkney islands, North Scotland |
| 41.1 | Craig Phadrig oppidum | |
| 41.2 | Cullykhan oppidum | |
| 42 | Devana, Devoni, on R Deoua | Aberdeen, on R Don |
| 42.1 | Roman camp at Raedykes | |
| 42.2 | Roman camp at Dun, on Montrose Basin | |
| 43 | Laws Hill, near Monifieth, oppidum on Firth of Tay |
|
| 43.1 | R Taoua, Tawa, Taba, Taus | Roman camp at Invergowrie, on Firth of Tay |
| 43.2 | R Taoua, Tawa, Taba, Taus | Roman camp near Saint Madoes, on Firth of Tay |
| 44 | Horrea Classis, Poreo Classis, on R Tawa | Roman fort and naval base at Carpow, on Firth of Tay |
| 44.1 | Norman’s Law oppidum on Firth of Tay | |
| 45 | Largo, on R Bodotria | Largo, on Firth of Forth |
| 45.1 | Colania, Colanica, on R Bodotria | Camelon, on Firth of Forth |
| 45.2 | Velunia, Veluniate, on R Bodotria | Carriden House, at the eastern end of Antonine’s wall, on Firth of Forth |
| 46 | Cramond, on Firth of Forth | |
| 46.1 | Arthur’s Seat, Edimburgh, oppidum | |
| 47 | Inveresk, on Firth of Forth | |
| 47.1 | R Tinea | R Tyne |
| 48 | Berwick-upon-Tweed, on R Tweed | |
| 48.1 | Kippy Heugh oppidum | |
| 49 | Segedunum | Wallsend, on R Tyne |
| 50 | Arbeia | South Shields, at the eastern end of Hadrien’s wall, near Newcastle |
| 50.1 | Sunderland, on R Wear | |
| 51 | possible lighthouse at Huntcliff |
|
| 52 | possible lighthouse at Goldsborough |
|
| 53 | Dictium? | Whitby |
| 54 | possible lighthouse at Ravenscar |
|
| 55 | possible lighthouse at Scarborough |
|
| 56 | Portus Felix | possible lighthouse at Filey Brigg |
| 57 | Gabrantiucorum portuosus sinus, Praesidium, Praetorium | Bridlington? with Roman villas at Rudston & Harpham Grange |
| 58 | Trinity Burial Ground, Hull, on R Humber | |
| 59 | Petuaria, on R Abus, Abos | Brough on R Humber, Roman naval base |
| 60 | Faxfleet on R Humber, in front of outlet of R Trisantona (R Trent) | |
| 60.1 | Ad Abum, on R Abus, Abos | Winteringham on R Humber |
| 61 | Gibraltar Point, near Skegness | |
| 61.1 | Sleaford, on R Slea | |
| 61.2 | Durobrivae | Water Newton, on R Nene |
| 61.3 | Roman fort at Longthorpe, on R Nene | |
| 61.4 | Bronze Age settlement at Must Farm | |
| 61.5 | Stonea, oppidum, in the Fens | |
| 61.6 | Denver, on R Ouse | |
| 62 | Holme next the Sea, with possible lighthouse at Thornham | |
| 63 | Branodunum | Brancaster |
| 63.1 | Holkham oppidum | |
| 63.2 | Warham oppidum | |
| 63.3 | Paston | |
| 64 | Caister on Sea, North of Great Yarmouth, might have had a Roman port? | |
| 65 | Gariannonum, Gariannum, on R Gariennus | Burgh Castle, West of Great Yarmouth, on R Yare-Waveney |
| 65.1 | Herringfleet, near Corton | |
| 66 | Wenhaston, on R Blyth | |
| 66.1 | Sitomagus, Senomagus? | East Green, on R Hundred |
| 66.2 | Roman villa at Knodishall, on R Hundred | |
| 66.3 | Roman villa at Farnham, near R Alde | |
| 67 | Walton Castle, North of Felixstowe, now submerged offshore | |
| 67.1 | Martlesham | |
| 67.2 | Whitton | |
| 68 | Roman villa at Little Oakley | |
| 68.1 | Ad Ansam | Higham Marsh, on R Stour |
| 68.2 | Felixstowe West Rocks, submerged Roman fort? | |
| 69 | port of Camulodunum | Fingringhoe Wick, with several Roman villas, near Colchester, on R Colne |
| 69.1 | Roman villa at West Mersea | |
| 70 | Heybridge-Maldon, on R Blackwater, might have had a Roman port? |
|
| 71 | Othona portus | Bradwell on Sea, South of Colchester |
| 72 | Hadleigh with possible lighthouse | |
| 72.1 | Mucking | |
| 73 | Londinium, Lindonium, on R Tamesis | London river port on the Thames, near Regis House |
| 74 | Noviomagus Cantiacorum | Dartford |
| 74.1 | Roman villa at Tenters Hill Field, Dartford |
|
| 74.2 | Roman villa at Wilmington, Dartford |
|
| 74.3 | Roman villa at Darenth, near Dartford |
|
| 75 | Vagniacis | Springhead, near Southfleet |
| 76 | Durobrivae | Rochester, on R Medway |
| 76.1 | Frindsbury, New Maritime Academy, BA settlement, on R Medway | |
| 76.2 | Kemsley Down, with several Neolithic, BA & Roman settlements on both sides of Milton Creek, near R Swale | |
| 77 | Durolevum | Ospringe, South of Faversham, with several Roman villas |
| 78 | Regulbium | possible lighthouse at Reculver, West of Margate |
| 79 | Tanatus insula, Toliapis? Taniatide? | Isle of Thanet, near Ramsgate, now connected to mainland |
| 79.1 | Cliffsend Farm, with Bronze Age settlement, possible landing place of Caesar in 54 BC at Pegwell Bay | |
| 80 | Rutupiae, Ritupium, Kantion, Cantium? | Roman naval base at Richborough, probable first landing place of Romans in 43 AD, possible stop over for Pytheas around 325 BC |
| 81 | Portus Dubris, home port of Classis Britannica fleet |
Dover: port at the outlet of R Dour, with its two famous ancient lighthouses |
| 81.1 | Roman villa at East Wear Bay, near Folkestone | |
| 82 | Portus Lemanis | Stutfall Castle, near Lympne castle |
| 82.1 | Ridunum | Rye, near Camber Castle, on R Brede |
| 83 | Mutuantonis? | Hastings oppidum |
| 83.1 | Anderidos, Anderitum | Pevensey, landing place of Cesar and of William |
| 84 | Roman villa at Eastbourne | |
| 84.1 | Newhaven Castle Hill, on Seaford bay, at outlet of R Ouse | |
| 84.2 | Preston Court, Beddingham, on R Ouse | |
| 84.3 | The Caburn oppidum | |
| 84.4 | Mutuantonis? | Lewes, on R Ouse |
| 84.5 | Whitehawk Hill oppidum, Brighton | |
| 84.6 | Hollingbury Castle oppidum, Brighton |
|
| 84.7 | Preston Park, Brighton | |
| 85 | Novus portus | Southwick? possibly at outlet of R Adur, with a Roman villa |
| 85.1 | Cissbury Ring oppidum | |
| 85.2 | Littlehampton | |
| 85.3 | Roman villa at Arundel, on R Arun | |
| 86 | Roman villa at Sidlesham, near Pagham | |
| 87 | Villa Regis Cogidubni, port of Noviomagus Regnorum, on R Trisantonis |
Roman palace at Fishbourne, near Chichester, on R Arun |
| 88 | Magnus Portus |
Bosham Harbour |
| 89 | Hayling island | |
| 89.1 | Roman villa at Langstone | |
| 89.2 | Roman villa at Havant | |
| 90 | Portus Adurni, Ardaoni | Portchester Castle, Roman naval base |
| 91 | Vectis, Vecta insula | Isle of Wight, probably Newport, with Roman villa on R Medina |
| 92 | Roman villa at Brading, on the isle of Wight, now inland | |
| 93 | Oppidum at Ventnor, on the isle of Wight | |
| 93.1 | Bouldnor Cliff, submerged Mesolithic settlement, on the isle of Wight | |
| 94 | Roman villa at Gurnard, on the isle of Wight | |
| 95 | Clausentum? | Wickham |
| 95.1 | Clausentum | Bitterne Manor House, near Southampton, on R Itchen |
| 96 | Onna? | Nursling, on R Test |
| 97 | Major oppidum at Hengistbury Head | |
| 98 | Hamworthy, near Poole | |
| 98.1 | Oppidum at Cleavel Point, on Ower peninsula, in front of Green island | |
| 98.2 | Roman villa at Brenscombe, on Purbeck island | |
| 98.3 | Roman villa at Bucknowle farm, with shale quarries (ball clay, marble & black shale), on Purbeck island | |
| 98.4 | Roman villa at East Creech, on Purbeck island | |
| 98.5 | Port of Durnovaria | Wareham, on R Frome |
| 98.6 | Kimmeridge Bay, ancient shale quarry | |
| 98.7 | Bindon hill oppidum and Roman villa, between Lulworth Cove and Mupe Bay | |
| 99 | Durnovaria | Dorchester, Roman Town House, on R Frome |
| 99.1 | Dunum? | Maiden castle oppidum, near Dorchester |
| 99.2 | Chalbury oppidum | |
| 99.3 | Roman villa at Preston | |
| 99.4 | Roman temple at Jordan hill | |
| 100 | Roman villa at Newberry road, Weymouth | |
| 101 | Vindelis, Vindilis? | Isle of Portland, near Chesil beach, with Culverwell Mesolithic site |
| 101.1 | The Cobb, at Lyme Regis, is said to be on top of a Roman structure (?) | |
| 101.2 | Roman villa at Holcombe | |
| 102 | Moridunum? | Roman villa and fortlet at Seaton “Honeyditches”, on R Axe, with famous quarry at Beer |
| 102.1 | Blackbury Castle oppidum | |
| 102.2 | Roman villa at Otterhead, near Budleigh Salterton, on R Otter | |
| 102.3 | Woodbury castle oppidum | |
| 103 | Port of Isca Dumnoniorum, on R Isca | Port and fortlet at Topsham on R Exe |
| 103.1 | Isca Dumnoniorum, on R Isca | Roman fort at Exeter, on R Exe |
| 103.2 | Milber Down oppidum, near R Teign | |
| 103.3 | Moor Sand, near Salcombe | |
| 103.4 | Bolt Tail oppidum, near Hope | |
| 104 | Burgh island, on Bigbury bay, at outlet of R Avon | |
| 104.1 | R Aramis, Aranus, Armis? (export of tin) | Outlet of R Erme |
| 104.2 | Holbury oppidum, on R Erme | |
| 104.3 | Yealmpton | |
| 104.4 | Mount Batten, near Plymouth, on R Plym (export of tin) | |
| 104.5 | R Tamarus, Tamaris | Roman fort at Calstock, on R Tamar (export of tin) |
| 104.6 | Rame Head oppidum | |
| 104.7 | Hall Rings oppidum, near R West Looe | |
| 105 | Roman fort at Lostwithiel, near Restormel Castle, on R Fowey (export of tin) | |
| 105.1 | Castle Dore oppidum | |
| 105.2 | Prideaux Castle oppidum, Biscovey, St Blazey | |
| 105.3 | Castle Gotha oppidum, and Roman fortlet in the area near St Austell | |
| 105.4 | Black Head oppidum | |
| 105.5 | The Dodman oppidum, near Gorran | |
| 105.6 | Dingerein castle oppidum | |
| 105.7 | Pendennis Castle, Falmouth, on Carrick Roads | |
| 106 | Carlidnack oppidum | |
| 106.1 | Port Navas, near Gweek, on R Helford (export of tin?) | |
| 106.2 | Grambla oppidum, near Gweek, on R Helford | |
| 106.3 | Gweek oppidum, on R Helford (export of tin) | |
| 106.4 | Mawgan, on R Helford | |
| 106.5 | Kynance Gate oppidum | |
| 106.6 | Halliggye oppidum, near R Helford | |
| 106.7 | Chynhalls Point oppidum | |
| 106.8 | Lankidden oppidum | |
| 107 | Ictis insula, Mictis (export of tin) | St Michael’s Mount, Marazion, probably a major port for exporting tin extracted by streaming in the hills of Cornwall |
| 107.1 | Penzance | |
| 107.2 | Treryn Dinas oppidum | |
| 107.3 | near Belerium, Bolerion Prom. |
Maen castle oppidum, near Land’s End |
| 107.4 | Kenidjack castle oppidum | |
| 108 | Silina insula, Scillonia insula, Sicdelis, Ennor | Isles of Scilly, west of Cornwall ; some believe these are the Cassiterides islands, but no tin is mined here ; many megaliths are found there |
| 108.1 | Gurnard’s Head, Trereen Dinas oppidum | |
| 108.2 | Hayle oppidum, on R Hayle (export of tin?) | |
| 108.3 | Crane castle oppidum | |
| 108.4 | Roman villa at Magor Farm, Illogan |
|
| 108.5 | Nance oppidum, near Portreath | |
| 109 | Penhale Point oppidum | |
| 109.1 | Kelsey Head oppidum | |
| 109.2 | Trevelgue Head oppidum, Porth island near Newquay |
|
| 109.3 | Griffin’s Point oppidum | |
| 109.4 | Redcliff castle oppidum | |
| 109.5 | Tregolds oppidum, near Padstow | |
| 109.6 | Wadebridge, on R Camel | |
| 109.7 | The Rumps oppidum | |
| 109.8 | Tregeare Rounds oppidum | |
| 110 | Tintagel oppidum | |
| 110.1 | Bossiney oppidum | |
| 110.2 | Boscastle oppidum, on R Valency | |
| 110.3 | St Gennys Roman fortlet, near Crackington Haven | |
| 111 | Morwenstow Roman fortlet | |
| 112 | Clovelly Dykes Roman fortlet | |
| 112.1 | Hillsborough oppidum, near Ilfracombe |
|
| 112.2 | Voley Castle oppidum, on R Heddon | |
| 112.3 | Beacon Castle oppidum, on R Heddon |
|
| 112.4 | possible lighthouse at Martinhoe Roman fortlet, near outlet of R Heddons | |
| 113 | Countisbury castle, on Wind Hill, and Myrtleberry castles, oppidums, near outlet of R Lyn | |
| 114 | Old Burrow Roman fortlet at Countisbury |
|
| 115 | Oppidum at Grabbist Hill, near Dunster | |
| 115.1 | Bat’s Castle oppidum | |
| 115.2 | Watchet | |
| 115.3 | Trendle Ring oppidum | |
| 115.4 | Dowsborough oppidum | |
| 116 | R Uxela | Combwich, might have had a Roman port on R Parrett? |
| 116.1 | Brent Knoll oppidum | |
| 116.2 | Roman temple and oppidum at Brean Down, near outlet of R Axe | |
| 116.3 | Worlebury oppidum | |
| 117 | Cadbury Camp oppidum | |
| 117.1 | Stokeleigh Camp oppidum, on R Avon | |
| 117.2 | Abona, on R Abona | Sea Mills, on R Avon |
| 117.3 | Roman villa at Kings Weston, on R Avon | |
| 117.4 | Haresfield Beacom oppidum | |
| 117.5 | Roman villa at Great Witcombe | |
| 118 | Glevum | Roman fort at Gloucester |
| 118.1 | Roman temple and oppidum at Lydney | |
| 118.2 | Roman villa at The Chesters, Woolaston |
|
| 118.3 | Bulwarks Camp oppidum, on R Wye | |
| 118.4 | Roman villa at Boughspring, Tidenham, on R Wye |
|
| 118.5 | Roman camp at Killcrow Hill, Sudbrook |
|
| 119 | Sudbrook oppidum and Roman port, on R Severn | |
| 119.1 | Venta Silurum | Caerwent |
| 120 | Isca Silurum, on R Isca | Caerleon, on R Usk |
| 120.1 | Tredegar oppidum, on R Usk | |
| 121 | Tamion? Tamium? | Cardiff |
| 121.1 | Roman villa at Llandough, The Vale of Glamorgan | |
| 122 | Roman villa at Cold Knap, Barry |
|
| 122.1 | Nash Point Camp oppidum | |
| 122.2 | Dunraven oppidum | |
| 123 | Roman villa at Dan-y-Graig, Porthcawl, near Bridgend |
|
| 123.1 | Port Talbot | |
| 124 | Nido, Nidum | Neath, on R Neath |
| 124.1 | Roman villa at Oystermouth, Mumbles | |
| 124.2 | The Knave oppidum, Deborah’s Hole Camp | |
| 124.3 | Burry Holms oppidum | |
| 125 | Leucarum, on R Leuca | Loughor, on R Loughor |
| 125.1 | Roman villa at Abercyfor, Cwmffrwd | |
| 126 | Moridunum, on R Tuvius | Carmarthen, on R Towy |
| 126.1 | Laugharne, on R Taf | |
| 126.2 | Roman villa at Trelissey, near Amroth | |
| 126.3 | Penally | |
| 127 | Greenala oppidum | |
| 127.1 | Flimston Castle oppidum | |
| 127.2 | Linney | |
| 127.3 | Victoria Bay oppidum, near Marloes | |
| 127.4 | Skomer island oppidum | |
| 127.5 | Tower Point oppidum | |
| 127.6 | Haverfordwest, on R Western Cleddau | |
| 127.7 | Porth y Rhaw, near Solva Harbour | |
| 127.8 | Castell Heinif oppdum, near Porthclais harbour |
|
| 127.9 | Saint David’s Head oppidum, near Porthmeigan beach | |
| 128 | St Nicholas | |
| 128.1 | Nevern, with Neolithic settlement at Pentre Ifan | |
| 128.2 | Penbryn | |
| 128.3 | Pendinas Lochtyn oppidum, near Llangranog | |
| 128.4 | Castell Bach oppidum | |
| 128.5 | Llanarth | |
| 128.6 | Roman fort at Trawsgoed, on R Ystwyth | |
| 128.7 | Roman villa at Abermagwr | |
| 129 | R Stuctia, Stoukkia | Aberrheidol Castle, on R Ystwyth |
| 129.1 | R Stuctia, Stoukkia | Pen Dinas, Dinas Maelor oppidum, Ceredigion, on R Ystwyth |
| 129.2 | Roman fort at Pen Llwyn, Dyfed, on R Rheidol | |
| 129.3 | Roman fortlet at Erglodd Farm | |
| 130 | Maglona? | Cefn-Caer Farm, Roman fort near Pennal, on R Dyfi |
| 130.1 | Castell y Gaer at Llwyngwril | |
| 131 | Birthdir Roman fort, on R Mawddach |
|
| 131.1 | Moel Goedog oppidum, near outlet of R Dwyryd | |
| 132 | R Tisobis | Roman villa at Tremadoc, on R Dwyryd |
| 132.1 | Llanystumdwy | |
| 133 | Castell Odo oppidum, at Aberdaron | |
| 133.1 | Craig y Dinas oppidum | |
| 134 | possible lighthouse at Dinas Dinlle |
|
| 135 | Segontium | possible lighthouse at Caernarfon |
| 135.1 | Dinas Dinorwig oppidum | |
| 135.2 | Caer Leb oppidum | |
| 135.3 | Castell Bryn Gwyn oppidum & Neolithic settlement at Bodowyr | |
| 136 | Aberffraw | |
| 137 | Mona insula | possible lighthouse at Caer y Twr on Holyhead Mountain, oppidum |
| 138 | Caer Gybi Roman fort | |
| 138.1 | Llanfaethlu | |
| 139 | Pen Bryn-Yr-Eglwys | |
| 139.1 | Din Lligwy oppidum | |
| 140 | Llanfihangel Din Sylwy, Bwrdd Arthur | |
| 140.1 | Llanfairfechan | |
| 141 | Canovium, Conovium | Caerhun Roman fort, on R Conwy |
| 141.1 | Castell Caer Seion, Lleion, Mynydd-Y-Dref, oppidum on Conwy Mountain |
|
| 141.2 | Great Orme Bronze Age copper mine, near Neolithic settlement at Snail Cave | |
| 141.3 | Bryn Euryn oppidum | |
| 141.4 | Towyn | |
| 142 | Varis, Varae? | Saint Asaph, Flintshire, on R Elwy |
| 142.1 | Neolithic settlement at Prestatyn, might have had a Roman port? |
|
| 142.2 | Oakenholt | |
| 143 | Deva Victrix, on R Deva | Chester, with rare remains of a Roman quaywall on R Dee |
| 143.1 | Heronbridge, on R Dee | |
| 143.2 | Fort Burton oppidum, on R Dee | |
| 143.3 | West Kirby | |
| 144 | Meols | |
| 144.1 | Roman fortlet at Ince on R Mersey | |
| 144.2 | Helsby Hill oppidum | |
| 144.3 | Condate | Northwich, on R Weaver |
| 145 | R Seteia | Wilderspool, on R Mersey |
| 146 | R Belisama | Walton le Dale, on R Ribble & R Darwen |
| 147 | Setantiorum portus | Possibly submerged North of Fleetwood? |
| 148 | Calunium | Lancaster Roman fort, on R Lune |
| 149 | Alauna? Alone? | Watercrook Roman fort |
| 150 | Monaoeda, Monobia, Manavia insula | Isle of Man |
| 150.1 | Cronk ny Merriu oppidum, on the isle of Man | |
| 150.2 | Close ny Chollagh oppidum, on the isle of Man | |
| 151 | Glannoventa, Glannaventa, Glannibanta, Cantiventi |
Ravenglass Roman fort and naval base |
| 152 | Itunocelum, Tunnocelum | Roman fort near Beckermet-Calder Bridge |
| 153 | Gabrosentum | Parton Roman fort, near Moresby |
| 154 | Magis | Burrow Walls Roman fort, near Seaton |
| 155 | Alauna, Alione | Roman fort at Maryport, with many fortlets on the Firth of Solway |
| 156 | Bibra, Bribra | Beckfoot Roman fort, near Beckfoot, on the Firth of Solway |
| 156.1 | Skinburness, on the Firth of Solway | |
| 157 | Portus Trucculensis? | Kirkbride, Angerton, on the Firth of Solway |
| 158 | Maia, Mais | Bowness on Solway, Roman fort at the West end of Hadrien’s wall |
| 158.1 | Port Carlisle | |
| 159 | Coggabata, Congavata, Concavata | Drumburgh Roman fort, on the Firth of Solway |
| 159.1 | Aballava | Burgh by Sands |
| 159.2 | Luguvalium, on R Ituna | Carlisle, on R Eden |
| 159.3 | Roman camp at Ruthwell, on the Firth of Solway | |
| 160 | R Noouius | Caerlaverock Roman fort, and Roman camp at Ward Law, and oppidum on R Nith |
| 161 | Dalbeattie, might have had a Roman port on R Urr? |
|
| 162 | Loucovium? On R Deva, Dewa, Deoua | Glenlochar Roman fort, on R Dee |
| 162.1 | Borness Batteries oppidum, near Brighouse Bay | |
| 162.2 | Castle Haven oppidum, in front of Murrays Isles | |
| 163 | Gatehouse of Fleet Roman fortlet | |
| 164 | R Iena? | Newton Stewart Roman fortlet, on R Cree |
| 164.1 | R Abravanus? | Bladnoch Roman fortlet, on R Bladnoch |
| 164.2 | Dinnans oppidums | |
| 164.3 | Burrow Head oppidum | |
| 164.4 | Barsalloch Point oppidum, Mochrum | |
| 164.5 | Stair Haven oppidum, near Luce Bay | |
| 164.6 | Glenluce Roman camp | |
| 165 | Stoneykirk | |
| 165.1 | Doon Castle oppidum, near Ardwell Bay | |
| 165.2 | Larbrax oppidum | |
| 166 | Rerigonium? | Stranraer |
| 166.1 | Teroy oppidum | |
| 167 | Girvan Mains Roman camps | |
| 168 | Roman fort at Lurg Moor, near Port Glasgow | |
| 168.1 | Credigone? on R Clota | Roman fort at Whitemoss Farm, near Bishopton, on R Clyde |
| 168.2 | Credigone? on R Clota | Roman fort at Old Kilpatrick, on R Clyde, western end of Antonine’s wall |
| 168.3 | Sheep Hill oppidum at Milton | |
| 168.4 | Carman oppidum, near R Leven | |
| 168.5 | Dunagoil oppidum | |
| 169 | Clota in Hiverione | Isle of Arran, in the Firth of Clyde near Glasgow |
| 169.1 | Carradale Point oppidum | |
| 169.2 | Dun Skeig oppidum | |
| 170 | Dunadd, on R Add | |
| 170.1 | Rikina, Riginia insula? Himba? | Loch Tarbert, on the isle of Jura, southern Hebrides |
| 170.2 | Aebudae insulae | Port Ellen, on isle of Islay, southern Hebrides |
| 171 | Erin, Ierne, Ivernia, Hibernia, Hivernione, Insula Sacra | Ireland, with many hillforts on the south, west and north coasts, most of them are small and on promontory cliff-tops without harbour ; We selected the ones with a nautical shelter |
| 171.01 | Drumanagh, oppidum | |
| 171.02 | Silumnus, Limnos insula? | Lambay island, oppidum |
| 171.03 | Andros insula | Howth Head, oppidum |
| 171.04 | Dalkey island | |
| 171.05 | R Modonnos? | Ballybuckley, on R Slaney |
| 171.06 | An Duinin, Ballymore West, oppidum, near Ventry Harbour | |
| 171.07 | Lohercannan, Knockanacuig, oppidum, near Tralee | |
| 171.08 | Barrow , oppidum | |
| 171.09 | Knockadoon Fort, Clenagh, oppidum, on R Shannon | |
| 171.10 | Doontrusk, oppidum | |
| 171.11 | Knoxspark, oppidum, on R Ballysadare | |
| 171.12 | Dungravenen, Townparks, oppidum, on R Erne | |
| 171.13 | Doire Leathan, Derrylahan, oppidum | |
| 171.14 | Cashel, Gort An Choirce, oppidum, on R Glenna | |
| 171.15 | Tullynavinn, oppidum, on R Roe | |
| 171.16 | Lurigethan, Layd, oppidum, between R Dall and R Waterfoot | |
| 171.17 | Knockdhu, Carncastle, oppidum | |
| 171.18 | Lyles Hill, Ballymartin, oppidum | |
| 171.19 | Cathedral Hill, Downpatrick, oppidum, on R Quoile | |
| 171.20 | Knockagh, oppidum, and two other forts, on R Castletown | |
| 171.21 | Newgrange, Neolithic settlement, on R Boyne |